>>37666631. Both
2. If you really want to believe in something, you will fall victim of it automatically. The fundamental problem is blue-eyed idealism - or the lack of IQ to notice that you're being played.
3. Doubting yourself is not contrary to critical thinking, so gaslighting is not directly depriving you of the tools necessary to counteract gaslighting. Validation is more dangerous because it denies the need for self-criticism.
4. It's always been there.
To coin a term similar to "gaslighting", validation can be appropriately called "spotlighting". After all, you know what happens when you shine a very bright spotlight onto something? If you look into it, your eyes become dazzled and blind to everything else around the spot. Even if you tried to look somewhere else, you would only see darkness, so your eyes naturally turn back to the spotlight and the object that is deliberately illuminated by the person holding the light projector. To regain your normal vision, you would have to deliberately look away from the light for long enough that your eyes re-adjust.
What this is saying is, the person who is doing the spotlighting is trapping people within the narrow confines of the spotlight. It's like when you run across a deer on the highway at night: the animal will attempt to run in front of your car even if it means death to them, because your headlights are so bright that the road in front of your car is literally the only thing they can see and the only place where they think they can go; everything else is just a pitch black void.